Add first Docker setup for local development

[BytecodeBrewer]

Goal

Add a first Docker setup for running ARGUS in a reproducible local environment.

Why

ARGUS is moving toward a more professional data and analytics workflow. Docker will make it easier to run the project consistently across machines and prepare future database, dashboard and deployment work.

This is also a foundation step for later Docker Compose, database integration and cloud-ready workflows.

Scope

• Add a basic Dockerfile
• Install project dependencies inside the container
• Provide a simple command to run tests in Docker
• Document how to build and run the container
• Keep the setup minimal and understandable

Optional:

• Add .dockerignore
• Prepare structure for later Docker Compose
• Add a development command for the future NiceGUI app

Acceptance criteria

• Dockerfile exists
• .dockerignore exists if useful
• Project dependencies can be installed inside the container
• Tests can be run inside the container
• README or docs explain basic Docker usage
• Existing local workflow remains unchanged

Note

Priority: Should