diff --git a/packages/react-aria-components/stories/GridList.stories.tsx b/packages/react-aria-components/stories/GridList.stories.tsx
index 9710c97e31f..92d62ab384a 100644
--- a/packages/react-aria-components/stories/GridList.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/react-aria-components/stories/GridList.stories.tsx
@@ -1141,3 +1141,27 @@ GridListWithTextfield.story = {
     }
   }
 };
+
+function VirtualizedDisplayNoneToggleRender() {
+  let [visible, setVisible] = useState(true);
+
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <Button onPress={() => setVisible(v => !v)} style={{marginBottom: 8}}>
+        {visible ? 'Hide' : 'Show'}
+      </Button>
+      <div style={{display: visible ? undefined : 'none'}}>
+        <VirtualizedGridDnD />
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+export const VirtualizedDisplayNoneToggle: StoryObj = {
+  render: VirtualizedDisplayNoneToggleRender,
+  parameters: {
+    description: {
+      data: 'toggling hide and show should not cause the items to disappear'
+    }
+  }
+};
diff --git a/packages/react-aria-components/test/GridList.browser.test.tsx b/packages/react-aria-components/test/GridList.browser.test.tsx
index d7b944e1f73..a8f13c11242 100644
--- a/packages/react-aria-components/test/GridList.browser.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/react-aria-components/test/GridList.browser.test.tsx
@@ -11,10 +11,13 @@
  */
 
 import {expect, it} from 'vitest';
+import {GridLayout} from '../src/GridLayout';
 import {GridList, GridListItem} from '../src/GridList';
-import React from 'react';
+import React, {useState} from 'react';
 import {render} from 'vitest-browser-react';
+import {Size} from 'react-stately/useVirtualizerState';
 import {User} from '@react-aria/test-utils';
+import {Virtualizer} from '../src/Virtualizer';
 
 function Grid() {
   return (
@@ -36,6 +39,37 @@ function Grid() {
   );
 }
 
+function VirtualizedDisplayNone() {
+  let [visible, setVisible] = useState(true);
+  let items = Array.from({length: 100}, (_, i) => ({id: i, name: `Item ${i}`}));
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <button data-testid="toggle" onClick={() => setVisible(v => !v)}>
+        Toggle
+      </button>
+      <div style={{display: visible ? undefined : 'none'}}>
+        <Virtualizer
+          layout={GridLayout}
+          layoutOptions={{
+            minItemSize: new Size(80, 40),
+            maxItemSize: new Size(200, 40),
+            minSpace: new Size(8, 8)
+          }}>
+          <GridList
+            layout="grid"
+            aria-label="virtualized list"
+            style={{height: 200, width: 400}}
+            items={items}>
+            {(item: {id: number; name: string}) => (
+              <GridListItem id={item.id}>{item.name}</GridListItem>
+            )}
+          </GridList>
+        </Virtualizer>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
 it.each`
   interactionType
   ${'mouse'}
@@ -64,3 +98,25 @@ it.each`
   expect(rows[8].getAttribute('aria-selected')).toBe('true');
   expect(document.activeElement).toBe(rows[8]);
 });
+
+it('virtualizer renders items after toggling display:none', async () => {
+  let testUtilUser = new User();
+  let {container} = await render(<VirtualizedDisplayNone />);
+
+  let gridlist = container.querySelector('[role=grid]') as HTMLElement;
+  let tester = testUtilUser.createTester('GridList', {
+    root: gridlist,
+    layout: 'grid'
+  });
+
+  await expect(tester.getRows().length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+  let button = container.querySelector('[data-testid=toggle]') as HTMLElement;
+
+  await button.click();
+  await button.click();
+  await expect(tester.getRows().length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+  await button.click();
+  await button.click();
+  await expect(tester.getRows().length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+});
diff --git a/packages/react-aria/src/virtualizer/useVirtualizerItem.ts b/packages/react-aria/src/virtualizer/useVirtualizerItem.ts
index a76a6e74431..ad973570b53 100644
--- a/packages/react-aria/src/virtualizer/useVirtualizerItem.ts
+++ b/packages/react-aria/src/virtualizer/useVirtualizerItem.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
  * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
  */
 
+import {isElementVisible} from '../utils/isElementVisible';
 import {Key, RefObject} from '@react-types/shared';
 import {LayoutInfo, Size} from 'react-stately/useVirtualizerState';
 import {useCallback} from 'react';
@@ -31,6 +32,12 @@ export function useVirtualizerItem(options: VirtualizerItemOptions): {updateSize
 
   let updateSize = useCallback(() => {
     if (key != null && ref.current) {
+      // if the virtualized item is not visible (aka display none on virtualized collection),
+      // we want to avoid reporting size 0 otherwise we get into a state where the virtualizer renders 0 items
+      // when it is hidden and thus won't remeasure when it is is unhidden
+      if (!isElementVisible(ref.current)) {
+        return;
+      }
       let size = getSize(ref.current);
       virtualizer.updateItemSize(key, size);
     }
diff --git a/vitest.browser.config.ts b/vitest.browser.config.ts
index aeede49a7a6..3dfb572a81e 100644
--- a/vitest.browser.config.ts
+++ b/vitest.browser.config.ts
@@ -171,6 +171,10 @@ declare module 'vitest/browser' {
 }
 
 export default defineConfig({
+  define: {
+    // run in dev mode so virtualizer and other test-env shortcuts are disabled
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': '"development"'
+  },
   plugins: [
     // @ts-expect-error
     macros.vite(), // Must be first!