diff --git a/lib/fs.js b/lib/fs.js
index 4a03fada49ea8a..02cc109535e936 100644
--- a/lib/fs.js
+++ b/lib/fs.js
@@ -132,6 +132,14 @@ const {
 const {
   CHAR_FORWARD_SLASH,
   CHAR_BACKWARD_SLASH,
+  CHAR_COLON,
+  CHAR_QUESTION_MARK,
+  CHAR_UPPERCASE_A,
+  CHAR_UPPERCASE_C,
+  CHAR_UPPERCASE_Z,
+  CHAR_LOWERCASE_A,
+  CHAR_LOWERCASE_N,
+  CHAR_LOWERCASE_Z,
 } = require('internal/constants');
 const {
   isInt32,
@@ -2628,6 +2636,43 @@ function unwatchFile(filename, listener) {
 }
 
 
+// Strips the Windows extended-length path prefix (\\?\) from a resolved path.
+// Extended-length paths (\\?\C:\... or \\?\UNC\...) are a Win32 API mechanism
+// to bypass MAX_PATH limits. Node.js should handle them transparently by
+// converting to standard paths for internal processing. The \\?\ prefix is
+// re-added when needed via path.toNamespacedPath() before system calls.
+// See: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/naming-a-file
+function stripExtendedPathPrefix(p) {
+  // Check for \\?\ prefix
+  if (p.length >= 4 &&
+      StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 0) === CHAR_BACKWARD_SLASH &&
+      StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 1) === CHAR_BACKWARD_SLASH &&
+      StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 2) === CHAR_QUESTION_MARK &&
+      StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 3) === CHAR_BACKWARD_SLASH) {
+    // \\?\C:\ -> C:\  (extended drive path)
+    if (p.length >= 6) {
+      const drive = StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 4);
+      if (((drive >= CHAR_UPPERCASE_A && drive <= CHAR_UPPERCASE_Z) ||
+           (drive >= CHAR_LOWERCASE_A && drive <= CHAR_LOWERCASE_Z)) &&
+          StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 5) === CHAR_COLON) {
+        return StringPrototypeSlice(p, 4);
+      }
+    }
+    // \\?\UNC\server\share -> \\server\share  (extended UNC path)
+    if (p.length >= 8 &&
+        (StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 4) === 85 /* U */ ||
+         StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 4) === 117 /* u */) &&
+        (StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 5) === 78 /* N */ ||
+         StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 5) === CHAR_LOWERCASE_N) &&
+        (StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 6) === CHAR_UPPERCASE_C ||
+         StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 6) === 99 /* c */) &&
+        StringPrototypeCharCodeAt(p, 7) === CHAR_BACKWARD_SLASH) {
+      return '\\\\' + StringPrototypeSlice(p, 8);
+    }
+  }
+  return p;
+}
+
 let splitRoot;
 if (isWindows) {
   // Regex to find the device root on Windows (e.g. 'c:\\'), including trailing
@@ -2690,6 +2735,12 @@ function realpathSync(p, options) {
   validatePath(p);
   p = pathModule.resolve(p);
 
+  // On Windows, strip the extended-length path prefix (\\?\) so that the
+  // path walking logic below works with standard drive-letter or UNC roots.
+  if (isWindows) {
+    p = stripExtendedPathPrefix(p);
+  }
+
   const cache = options[realpathCacheKey];
   const maybeCachedResult = cache?.get(p);
   if (maybeCachedResult) {
@@ -2793,6 +2844,11 @@ function realpathSync(p, options) {
     // Resolve the link, then start over
     p = pathModule.resolve(resolvedLink, StringPrototypeSlice(p, pos));
 
+    // Strip extended path prefix again in case pathModule.resolve re-added it
+    if (isWindows) {
+      p = stripExtendedPathPrefix(p);
+    }
+
     // Skip over roots
     current = base = splitRoot(p);
     pos = current.length;
@@ -2851,6 +2907,12 @@ function realpath(p, options, callback) {
   validatePath(p);
   p = pathModule.resolve(p);
 
+  // On Windows, strip the extended-length path prefix (\\?\) so that the
+  // path walking logic below works with standard drive-letter or UNC roots.
+  if (isWindows) {
+    p = stripExtendedPathPrefix(p);
+  }
+
   const seenLinks = new SafeMap();
   const knownHard = new SafeSet();
 
@@ -2951,6 +3013,12 @@ function realpath(p, options, callback) {
   function gotResolvedLink(resolvedLink) {
     // Resolve the link, then start over
     p = pathModule.resolve(resolvedLink, StringPrototypeSlice(p, pos));
+
+    // Strip extended path prefix again in case pathModule.resolve re-added it
+    if (isWindows) {
+      p = stripExtendedPathPrefix(p);
+    }
+
     current = base = splitRoot(p);
     pos = current.length;
 
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-fs-realpath-extended-windows-path.js b/test/parallel/test-fs-realpath-extended-windows-path.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..acbbb8f8522d81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-fs-realpath-extended-windows-path.js
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+'use strict';
+const common = require('../common');
+
+// This test verifies that fs.realpathSync and fs.realpath correctly handle
+// Windows extended-length path prefixes (\\?\C:\... and \\?\UNC\...).
+// See: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/62446
+
+if (!common.isWindows)
+  common.skip('Windows-specific test.');
+
+const assert = require('assert');
+const fs = require('fs');
+const path = require('path');
+const tmpdir = require('../common/tmpdir');
+
+tmpdir.refresh();
+
+const testFile = tmpdir.resolve('extended-path-test.js');
+fs.writeFileSync(testFile, 'module.exports = 42;');
+
+// Construct the extended-length path for the test file.
+// The \\?\ prefix is a Win32 API mechanism to bypass MAX_PATH limits.
+const extendedPath = `\\\\?\\${testFile}`;
+
+// fs.realpathSync should handle the \\?\ prefix and return a standard path.
+{
+  const result = fs.realpathSync(extendedPath);
+  // The result should be the resolved path without the \\?\ prefix.
+  assert.strictEqual(result.toLowerCase(), testFile.toLowerCase());
+}
+
+// fs.realpath (async) should also handle the \\?\ prefix.
+fs.realpath(extendedPath, common.mustSucceed((result) => {
+  assert.strictEqual(result.toLowerCase(), testFile.toLowerCase());
+}));
+
+// Also test that the extended path for the drive root works.
+{
+  const driveRoot = path.parse(testFile).root; // e.g., 'C:\'
+  const extendedRoot = `\\\\?\\${driveRoot}`;
+  const result = fs.realpathSync(extendedRoot);
+  assert.strictEqual(result.toLowerCase(), driveRoot.toLowerCase());
+}
+
+// Test extended-length path with subdirectory.
+const subDir = tmpdir.resolve('sub', 'dir');
+fs.mkdirSync(subDir, { recursive: true });
+const subFile = path.join(subDir, 'file.txt');
+fs.writeFileSync(subFile, 'hello');
+
+{
+  const extendedSubFile = `\\\\?\\${subFile}`;
+  const result = fs.realpathSync(extendedSubFile);
+  assert.strictEqual(result.toLowerCase(), subFile.toLowerCase());
+}