The code around line 3315 for Bitmap.make_image_surface is simply wrong:
...
if self.pixel_mode == FT.PIXEL_MODE_MONO :
cairo_format = cairo.FORMAT_A1
elif self.pixel_mode == FT.PIXEL_MODE_GRAY :
cairo_format = cairo.FORMAT_A8
...
Freetype pixel mode mono is most-significant bit first, while cairo format A1 is host order, and least-significant-bit first on small-endian platform, such as x86/x86_64.