diff --git a/src/Capability/Discovery/CachedDiscoverer.php b/src/Capability/Discovery/CachedDiscoverer.php
index 75f2d4a1..15bc1226 100644
--- a/src/Capability/Discovery/CachedDiscoverer.php
+++ b/src/Capability/Discovery/CachedDiscoverer.php
@@ -20,14 +20,18 @@
  * This decorator caches the results of file system operations and reflection
  * to improve performance when discovery is called multiple times.
  *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @final
+ *
  * @author Xentixar <xentixar@gmail.com>
  */
-class CachedDiscoverer
+class CachedDiscoverer implements DiscovererInterface
 {
     private const CACHE_PREFIX = 'mcp_discovery_';
 
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly Discoverer $discoverer,
+        private readonly DiscovererInterface $discoverer,
         private readonly CacheInterface $cache,
         private readonly LoggerInterface $logger,
     ) {
diff --git a/src/Capability/Discovery/Discoverer.php b/src/Capability/Discovery/Discoverer.php
index 95a3fe5a..c5367535 100644
--- a/src/Capability/Discovery/Discoverer.php
+++ b/src/Capability/Discovery/Discoverer.php
@@ -42,14 +42,18 @@
  *     resourceTemplates: int,
  * }
  *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @final
+ *
  * @author Kyrian Obikwelu <koshnawaza@gmail.com>
  */
-class Discoverer
+class Discoverer implements DiscovererInterface
 {
     public function __construct(
         private readonly LoggerInterface $logger = new NullLogger(),
         private ?DocBlockParser $docBlockParser = null,
-        private ?SchemaGenerator $schemaGenerator = null,
+        private ?SchemaGeneratorInterface $schemaGenerator = null,
     ) {
         $this->docBlockParser = $docBlockParser ?? new DocBlockParser(logger: $this->logger);
         $this->schemaGenerator = $schemaGenerator ?? new SchemaGenerator($this->docBlockParser);
diff --git a/src/Capability/Discovery/DiscovererInterface.php b/src/Capability/Discovery/DiscovererInterface.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0de02de4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Capability/Discovery/DiscovererInterface.php
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?php
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of the official PHP MCP SDK.
+ *
+ * A collaboration between Symfony and the PHP Foundation.
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+ * file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace Mcp\Capability\Discovery;
+
+/**
+ * Discovers MCP elements (tools, resources, prompts, resource templates) in directories.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @author Antoine Bluchet <soyuka@gmail.com>
+ */
+interface DiscovererInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * Discover MCP elements in the specified directories and return the discovery state.
+     *
+     * @param string        $basePath    the base path for resolving directories
+     * @param array<string> $directories list of directories (relative to base path) to scan
+     * @param array<string> $excludeDirs list of directories (relative to base path) to exclude from the scan
+     */
+    public function discover(string $basePath, array $directories, array $excludeDirs = []): DiscoveryState;
+}
diff --git a/src/Capability/Discovery/SchemaGenerator.php b/src/Capability/Discovery/SchemaGenerator.php
index 0676e8d9..0d52f877 100644
--- a/src/Capability/Discovery/SchemaGenerator.php
+++ b/src/Capability/Discovery/SchemaGenerator.php
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
  *
  * @author Kyrian Obikwelu <koshnawaza@gmail.com>
  */
-class SchemaGenerator
+class SchemaGenerator implements SchemaGeneratorInterface
 {
     public function __construct(
         private readonly DocBlockParser $docBlockParser,
@@ -64,12 +64,24 @@ public function __construct(
     }
 
     /**
-     * Generates a JSON Schema object (as a PHP array) for a method's or function's parameters.
+     * Generates a JSON Schema object (as a PHP array) for parameters.
      *
      * @return array<string, mixed>
      */
-    public function generate(\ReflectionMethod|\ReflectionFunction $reflection): array
+    public function generate(\Reflector $reflection): array
     {
+        if ($reflection instanceof \ReflectionClass) {
+            throw new \BadMethodCallException('Schema generation from ReflectionClass is not implemented yet. Use ReflectionMethod or ReflectionFunction instead.');
+        }
+
+        if (!$reflection instanceof \ReflectionFunctionAbstract) {
+            throw new \BadMethodCallException(\sprintf('Schema generation from %s is not supported.', $reflection::class));
+        }
+
+        if (!$reflection instanceof \ReflectionMethod && !$reflection instanceof \ReflectionFunction) {
+            throw new \BadMethodCallException(\sprintf('Schema generation from %s is not supported.', $reflection::class));
+        }
+
         $methodSchema = $this->extractMethodLevelSchema($reflection);
 
         if ($methodSchema && isset($methodSchema['definition'])) {
@@ -86,7 +98,7 @@ public function generate(\ReflectionMethod|\ReflectionFunction $reflection): arr
      *
      * @return SchemaAttributeData
      */
-    private function extractMethodLevelSchema(\ReflectionMethod|\ReflectionFunction $reflection): ?array
+    private function extractMethodLevelSchema(\ReflectionFunctionAbstract $reflection): ?array
     {
         $schemaAttrs = $reflection->getAttributes(Schema::class, \ReflectionAttribute::IS_INSTANCEOF);
         if (empty($schemaAttrs)) {
diff --git a/src/Capability/Discovery/SchemaGeneratorInterface.php b/src/Capability/Discovery/SchemaGeneratorInterface.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6bc2cb6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Capability/Discovery/SchemaGeneratorInterface.php
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<?php
+
+/*
+ * This file is part of the official PHP MCP SDK.
+ *
+ * A collaboration between Symfony and the PHP Foundation.
+ *
+ * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+ * file that was distributed with this source code.
+ */
+
+namespace Mcp\Capability\Discovery;
+
+/**
+ * Provides JSON Schema generation for reflected elements.
+ *
+ * @author Antoine Bluchet <soyuka@gmail.com>
+ */
+interface SchemaGeneratorInterface
+{
+    /**
+     * Generates a JSON Schema for input parameters.
+     *
+     * The returned schema must be a valid JSON Schema object (type: 'object')
+     * with properties corresponding to a tool's parameters.
+     *
+     * @return array{
+     *     type: 'object',
+     *     properties: array<string, mixed>|object,
+     *     required?: string[]
+     * }
+     */
+    public function generate(\Reflector $reflection): array;
+}
diff --git a/src/Capability/Registry/Loader/ArrayLoader.php b/src/Capability/Registry/Loader/ArrayLoader.php
index fef17263..b2f67e9a 100644
--- a/src/Capability/Registry/Loader/ArrayLoader.php
+++ b/src/Capability/Registry/Loader/ArrayLoader.php
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 use Mcp\Capability\Discovery\DocBlockParser;
 use Mcp\Capability\Discovery\HandlerResolver;
 use Mcp\Capability\Discovery\SchemaGenerator;
+use Mcp\Capability\Discovery\SchemaGeneratorInterface;
 use Mcp\Capability\Registry\ElementReference;
 use Mcp\Capability\RegistryInterface;
 use Mcp\Exception\ConfigurationException;
@@ -83,13 +84,14 @@ public function __construct(
         private readonly array $resourceTemplates = [],
         private readonly array $prompts = [],
         private LoggerInterface $logger = new NullLogger(),
+        private ?SchemaGeneratorInterface $schemaGenerator = null,
     ) {
     }
 
     public function load(RegistryInterface $registry): void
     {
         $docBlockParser = new DocBlockParser(logger: $this->logger);
-        $schemaGenerator = new SchemaGenerator($docBlockParser);
+        $schemaGenerator = $this->schemaGenerator ?? new SchemaGenerator($docBlockParser);
 
         // Register Tools
         foreach ($this->tools as $data) {
diff --git a/src/Capability/Registry/Loader/DiscoveryLoader.php b/src/Capability/Registry/Loader/DiscoveryLoader.php
index 6129dfaa..25261ff5 100644
--- a/src/Capability/Registry/Loader/DiscoveryLoader.php
+++ b/src/Capability/Registry/Loader/DiscoveryLoader.php
@@ -11,13 +11,12 @@
 
 namespace Mcp\Capability\Registry\Loader;
 
-use Mcp\Capability\Discovery\CachedDiscoverer;
-use Mcp\Capability\Discovery\Discoverer;
+use Mcp\Capability\Discovery\DiscovererInterface;
 use Mcp\Capability\RegistryInterface;
-use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
-use Psr\SimpleCache\CacheInterface;
 
 /**
+ * @internal
+ *
  * @author Antoine Bluchet <soyuka@gmail.com>
  */
 final class DiscoveryLoader implements LoaderInterface
@@ -30,21 +29,13 @@ public function __construct(
         private string $basePath,
         private array $scanDirs,
         private array $excludeDirs,
-        private LoggerInterface $logger,
-        private ?CacheInterface $cache = null,
+        private DiscovererInterface $discoverer,
     ) {
     }
 
     public function load(RegistryInterface $registry): void
     {
-        // This now encapsulates the discovery process
-        $discoverer = new Discoverer($this->logger);
-
-        $cachedDiscoverer = $this->cache
-            ? new CachedDiscoverer($discoverer, $this->cache, $this->logger)
-            : $discoverer;
-
-        $discoveryState = $cachedDiscoverer->discover($this->basePath, $this->scanDirs, $this->excludeDirs);
+        $discoveryState = $this->discoverer->discover($this->basePath, $this->scanDirs, $this->excludeDirs);
 
         $registry->setDiscoveryState($discoveryState);
     }
diff --git a/src/Server/Builder.php b/src/Server/Builder.php
index 363a09c5..daabfcd7 100644
--- a/src/Server/Builder.php
+++ b/src/Server/Builder.php
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 
 namespace Mcp\Server;
 
+use Mcp\Capability\Discovery\DiscovererInterface;
+use Mcp\Capability\Discovery\SchemaGeneratorInterface;
 use Mcp\Capability\Registry;
 use Mcp\Capability\Registry\Container;
 use Mcp\Capability\Registry\ElementReference;
@@ -58,6 +60,10 @@ final class Builder
 
     private ?ContainerInterface $container = null;
 
+    private ?SchemaGeneratorInterface $schemaGenerator = null;
+
+    private ?DiscovererInterface $discoverer = null;
+
     private ?SessionFactoryInterface $sessionFactory = null;
 
     private ?SessionStoreInterface $sessionStore = null;
@@ -286,6 +292,20 @@ public function setContainer(ContainerInterface $container): self
         return $this;
     }
 
+    public function setSchemaGenerator(SchemaGeneratorInterface $schemaGenerator): self
+    {
+        $this->schemaGenerator = $schemaGenerator;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function setDiscoverer(DiscovererInterface $discoverer): self
+    {
+        $this->discoverer = $discoverer;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
     public function setSession(
         SessionStoreInterface $sessionStore,
         SessionFactoryInterface $sessionFactory = new SessionFactory(),
@@ -466,11 +486,12 @@ public function build(): Server
 
         $loaders = [
             ...$this->loaders,
-            new ArrayLoader($this->tools, $this->resources, $this->resourceTemplates, $this->prompts, $logger),
+            new ArrayLoader($this->tools, $this->resources, $this->resourceTemplates, $this->prompts, $logger, $this->schemaGenerator),
         ];
 
         if (null !== $this->discoveryBasePath) {
-            $loaders[] = new DiscoveryLoader($this->discoveryBasePath, $this->discoveryScanDirs, $this->discoveryExcludeDirs, $logger, $this->discoveryCache);
+            $discoverer = $this->discoverer ?? $this->createDiscoverer($logger);
+            $loaders[] = new DiscoveryLoader($this->discoveryBasePath, $this->discoveryScanDirs, $this->discoveryExcludeDirs, $discoverer);
         }
 
         foreach ($loaders as $loader) {
@@ -527,4 +548,15 @@ public function build(): Server
 
         return new Server($protocol, $logger);
     }
+
+    private function createDiscoverer(LoggerInterface $logger): DiscovererInterface
+    {
+        $discoverer = new \Mcp\Capability\Discovery\Discoverer($logger, null, $this->schemaGenerator);
+
+        if (null !== $this->discoveryCache) {
+            return new \Mcp\Capability\Discovery\CachedDiscoverer($discoverer, $this->discoveryCache, $logger);
+        }
+
+        return $discoverer;
+    }
 }