diff --git a/src/node_platform.cc b/src/node_platform.cc
index 197102068b74f4..5997c5b70bd256 100644
--- a/src/node_platform.cc
+++ b/src/node_platform.cc
@@ -117,6 +117,8 @@ class WorkerThreadsTaskRunner::DelayedTaskScheduler {
                        double delay_in_seconds) {
     auto locked = tasks_.Lock();
 
+    if (has_shut_down_) return;
+
     auto entry = std::make_unique<TaskQueueEntry>(std::move(task), priority);
     auto delayed = std::make_unique<ScheduleTask>(
         this, std::move(entry), delay_in_seconds);
@@ -178,6 +180,7 @@ class WorkerThreadsTaskRunner::DelayedTaskScheduler {
         timers.push_back(timer);
       for (uv_timer_t* timer : timers)
         scheduler_->TakeTimerTask(timer);
+      scheduler_->has_shut_down_ = true;
       uv_close(reinterpret_cast<uv_handle_t*>(&scheduler_->flush_tasks_),
                [](uv_handle_t* handle) {});
     }
@@ -241,6 +244,7 @@ class WorkerThreadsTaskRunner::DelayedTaskScheduler {
   uv_loop_t loop_;
   uv_async_t flush_tasks_;
   std::unordered_set<uv_timer_t*> timers_;
+  bool has_shut_down_ = false;
 };
 
 WorkerThreadsTaskRunner::WorkerThreadsTaskRunner(
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-process-exit-after-fetch-throw.js b/test/parallel/test-process-exit-after-fetch-throw.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..b6868c2c9e7343
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-process-exit-after-fetch-throw.js
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+'use strict';
+// Ref: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/56645
+const common = require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const cp = require('child_process');
+const http = require('http');
+
+if (process.argv[2] === 'child') {
+  http
+    .createServer((_, res) => {
+      res.writeHead(302, { Location: '/' });
+      res.end();
+    })
+    .listen(0, '127.0.0.1', async function() {
+      try {
+        await fetch(`http://127.0.0.1:${this.address().port}/`);
+      } catch {
+        // ignore
+      }
+      process.exit(0);
+    });
+} else {
+  const child = cp.spawn(process.execPath, [__filename, 'child']);
+
+  child.on(
+    'close',
+    common.mustCall((exitCode, signal) => {
+      assert.strictEqual(exitCode, 0);
+      assert.strictEqual(signal, null);
+    }),
+  );
+}