Update ALICE3 tracker segmentation + chip indexing scheme

[scannito]

This PR updates TRKA3 geometry segmentation and indexing for ALICE3

Changes:

• Extended the TRKA3 module segmentation:
• Subdivision of modules into finer chip/granularity elements.
• Correct handling of Left/Right chip placement along x and z.

Updated indexing scheme:

• Consistent mapping between physical chip positions and unique IDs.
• Indexing now follows the new segmentation hierarchy, enabling easier retrieval and processing of individual chips.

Geometry construction improvements:

• Centralized constants for module/chip dimensions (moduleWidth, moduleMLOT, outerEdgeLongSide) to simplify future adjustments.

[github-actions]

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[alibuild]

Error while checking build/O2/fullCI_slc9 for a6896d2 at 2025-10-28 17:36:

## sw/BUILD/O2-latest/log
/sw/SOURCES/O2/14776-slc9_x86-64/0/Detectors/Upgrades/ALICE3/TRK/base/src/GeometryTGeo.cxx:501:13: error: redefinition of 'static const char* o2::trk::GeometryTGeo::composeSymNameLayer(int, int)'
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.

Full log here.

[alibuild]

Error while checking build/O2/fullCI_slc9 for e470025 at 2025-10-28 19:14:

## sw/BUILD/O2-latest/log
/sw/slc9_x86-64/fmt/11.1.2-7/include/fmt/base.h:2233:45: error: 'fmt::v11::detail::type_is_unformattable_for<o2::trk::eOverallGeom, char> _' has incomplete type
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.

Full log here.